---
type: "resource"
title: "Group"
resource: "Group"
---
# Group
## Introduction
## Scope and Usage
### Use Cases
The Group resource is used in one of two ways:
1. To define a group of specific people, animals, devices, etc. that is being tracked, examined, acting collectively or otherwise referenced as part of healthcare-related activities
2. To define a set of _possible_ people, animals, devices, etc. that are of interest for some intended future healthcare-related activities
Examples of the former could include a family, a household, or group therapy or treatment sessions, exposed entities tracked as part of public health, etc. The latter might be used to define expected subjects for a clinical study.
Both use cases are handled by a single resource because the data elements captured tend to be similar.
NOTE: While [Specimen](specimen) does not quite fit with this definition, it is being retained as part of Group to avoid making a breaking change to the [Observation](observation) resource.
### Defining Group Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
The Group definition, specifying the criteria for membership in the Group, may be expressed with one or more Group.characteristic elements. Here we describe how the Group StructureDefinition is used to express inclusion and exclusion criteria for group membership.
#### Group.membership
Group.membership requires one of three codes:
- 'enumerated': Use this code if the Group Resource lists the group members and/or specifies the number of entities in the group. Use of the 'enumerated' code will require use of the Group.type element.
- 'definitional': Use this code if the Group Resource provides structured data (i.e. the Group.characteristic values) that is necessary and sufficient to define the qualifications for group membership (the inclusion and exclusion criteria for defining what makes something a member of the group). Use of the 'definitional' code will require use of the Group.type element. If a group is both enumerated and definitional, then use the enumerated code.
- 'conceptual': Use this code if the Group Resource is an abstract representation of a group that is neither enumerated (listing or counting actual members) nor definitional (providing complete definition for membership qualifications). A different use of the 'conceptual' code is when the Group is otherwise 'definitional' but the Group.type cannot be used because the actual type value is not included in FHIR types.
#### Group.combinationMethod
Group.combinationMethod is used when there are two or more Group.characteristic instances to define how the characteristics are combined.
- Use a code 'all-of' to indicate that each of the characteristics must be met. This is functionally equivalent to combining all characteristics with an AND operator.
- Use a code 'any-of' to indicate that at least one of the characteristics must be met. This is functionally equivalent to combining all characteristics with an OR operator.
- Use a code 'at-least' to indicate that at least n of the characteristics must be met. Use Group.combinationThreshold to specify the value of n.
- Use a code 'at-most' to indicate that at most n of the characteristics must be met. Use Group.combinationThreshold to specify the value of n.
- Use a code 'except-subset' to indicate that the characteristics expressed as exclusion criteria are used as exceptions to meeting the characteristics expressed as inclusion criteria. Explaining by example: “Cancer of any kind (except basal cell skin cancer or cancer in situ) unless documented to be disease-free for five years” ([Example of Group for Cancer Except Subset](group-example-conceptualcohortdefinition-cancer-except-subset)).
#### Group.combinationThreshold
Provides the value of "n" when "at-least" or "at-most" codes are used for Group.combinationMethod (see above)
#### Group.characteristic.code
Each characteristic must have a code value (CodeableConcept datatype) to specify the attribute. For instance:
- for a characteristic of "age > 18 years” the attribute is “age” and the attribute of age may be expressed as
"code": { "coding": \[ { "system": "http://snomed.info/sct", "code": "397669002", "display": "Age" } \] }
- for a characteristic of "Body mass index >= 30 kg/m2" the attribute is "Body mass index" and the attribute may be expressed as
"code": { "coding": \[ { "system": "http://loinc.org", "code": "39156-5", "display": "Body mass index (BMI) \[Ratio\]" } \] }
#### Group.characteristic.value\[x\]
Each characteristic must have a value\[x\] value to specify the value of the attribute that holds for members of the group. There is no \[x\] in the JSON or XML expression as it is replaced with the data type (CodeableConcept, boolean, Quantity, Range, Reference, uri, or Expression)
For instance:
- for a characteristic of "age > 18 years” the value is “> 18 years” and the value may be expressed with a Quantity datatype as
"valueQuantity": { "comparator": ">=", "value": 18, "unit": "years",
"system": "http://unitsofmeasure.org", "code": "a" }
- for a characteristic of "Body mass index >= 30 kg/m2" the value is ">= 30 kg/m2" and the value may be expressed as
"valueQuantity": { "comparator": ">=", "value": 30, "unit": "kg/m2",
"system": "http://unitsofmeasure.org", "code": "kg/m2" }
#### Group.characteristic.exclude
Sometimes group membership is determined by characteristics not possessed. When this is the case, the Group.characteristic.exclude element has a value of true ("exclude": true). For characteristics that are not exclusion criteria, the Group.characteristic.exclude element has a value of false ("exclude": false). The exclude element is required.
For example, an exclusion criterion of HbA1c ≥ 14.0% is expressed as:
{ "description": "HbA1c ≥ 14.0%", "code": {; "coding": \[ { "system": "http://loinc.org", "code": "59261-8", "display": "Hemoglobin A1c/Hemoglobin.total in Blood" } \] }, "valueQuantity": { "value": 14, "comparator": ">=", "unit": "%", "system": "http://unitsofmeasure.org", "code": "%" }, "exclude": true }
#### Group.characteristic.description
A short, natural language description of the characteristic (using the markdown datatype) that could be used to communicate the criteria to an end-user. The description element is for convenience so that end users can understand the characteristic and is neither a required part of the characteristic nor part of the structured representation of the characteristic.
#### Group.characteristic.method
The method modifies the Group.characteristic.code and indicates how the value is to be determined, using the CodeableConcept datatype. For example, HbA1C values can be determined by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography or by Capillary electrophoresis.
The method may be expressed as multiple concepts, eg. standing barefoot for Height measurements could be expressed as two separate concepts (standing, barefoot) that express the method.
#### Group.characteristic.formula
The formula modifies the Group.characteristic.code and indicates how the value is to be determined, using an Expression datatype.
#### Group.characteristic.determiner
The determiner modifies the Group.characteristic.code and indicates who or what determines the value, using a Reference datatype. The determiner value may reference a person ([Practitioner](practitioner) or [PractitionerRole](practitionerrole) Resource) or group ([Organization](organization) Resource) or device. The reference to a device can be either to a specific device using the [Device](device) Resource, or the [DeviceMetric](devicemetric) Resource if a specific set of device parameters is needed, or a type of device using the [DeviceDefinition](devicedefinition) Resource.
#### Group.characteristic.offset
Defines the reference point for comparison when other than 0. As an example, to express a characteristic of a calcium level greater than the normal limit or a hemoglobin level less than 1 g/dL below the reference range, the offset concept would represent "normal limit" or "reference range".
This is a modifier element because it modifies the meaning of the characteristic.value\[x\].
#### Group.characteristic.instances\[x\]
Number of occurrences meeting the characteristic.
There should be a constraint on the Quantity.value and Range.low.value and Range.high.value that it can only be non-negative whole numbers.
#### Group.characteristic.duration\[x\]
Length of time in which the characteristic is met.
#### Group.characteristic.period
The period over which the characteristic is tested; e.g. the patient had an operation during the month of June.
#### Group.characteristic.timing
The relative time in which the characteristic is tested, eg. within a month following patient discharge.
Note: RelativeTime is a recent addition to the Group Resource. RelativeTime is used to express a point in time or an interval of time relative to an event defined in data types other than dateTime.
Example: [Example of Group for HbA1c at 12 months](group-example-outcomedefinition-hba1c-at-12-months)
Example includes timing and offset "At 12 months form inclusion in a clinical trial. Inclusion is defined as enrollment via the SNOMED code.
"timing": \[ { "contextCode": { "coding": \[ { "system": "http://snomed.info/sct", "code": "709491003", "display": "Enrollment in clinical trial" } \] }, "offsetDuration": { "value": 12, "unit": "months", "system": "http://unitsofmeasure.org", "code": "mo" }, "text": "at 12 months" }
## Boundaries and Relationships
There are a number of mechanisms in FHIR for communicating collections of resources:
- The [List](list) resource - enumerates a flat collection of resources and provides features for managing the collection. While a particular List instance may represent a "snapshot", from a business process perspective the notion of "List" is dynamic – items are added and removed over time. The List resource references other resources. Lists may be curated and have specific business meaning. For use cases where Group is suitable (e.g. for a list of Patients to be viewed on a dashboard), the Group resource should be preferred to the List resource. The underlying rationale is that a collection of patients, practitioners, etc. is likely to be of interest as the subject of a measure, observation, communication, etc., which Group is intended to support.
- This Group resource - defines a group of specific people, animals, devices etc. by enumerating them, or by describing qualities that group members have. The group resource refers to other resources, possibly implicitly. Groups are intended to be acted upon or observed as a whole; e.g. performing therapy on a group, calculating risk for a group, etc. This resource will commonly be used for public health (e.g. describing an at-risk population), clinical trials (e.g. defining a test subject pool) and similar purposes. It may be used to define families or households, which in some circumstances may act collectively or have a degree of legal or formal recognition.
- The Organization resource is used for collections of people that have come together to achieve an objective. In generally, the Group resource is used to identify a collection of people (or animals, devices, etc.) that are gathered for the purpose of analysis or acting upon, but are not expected to act themselves. Families or households are sometimes an exceptiont to this, in that they are primarily recipients of care, particularly in a public health context, but sometimes act collectively
- [CareTeam](careteam). Group is distinct from CareTeam. Group is patient-independent and identifies an undifferentiated set of individuals who are intended to be the target of one or more clinical activities (e.g. set of clinical trial participants, set of individuals impacted by or at risk of a public health event, a herd or flock, etc.) The CareTeam resource establishes a set of relationships and roles and is specific to a particular Patient. The actors are the individual members or organized group of individuals. CareTeam can be referenced by EpisodeOfCare, Encounter, or CarePlan to identify the set of individuals (and their respective roles) who are intended to be involved in providing the care defined by those resources. Groups containing practitioners are not allowed to perform actions for patient care.
- The [Bundle](bundle) resource - is an infrastructure container for a group of resources. It does not have narrative and is used to group collections of resources for transmission, persistence or processing (e.g. messages, documents, transactions, query responses, etc.) The content of bundles is typically algorithmically determined for a particular exchange or persistence purpose.
- The [Composition](composition) resource - defines a set of healthcare-related information that is assembled together into a single logical document that provides a single coherent statement of meaning, establishes its own context and that has clinical attestation with regard to who is making the statement. The composition resource provides the basic structure of a FHIR [document](documents). The full content of the document is expressed using a bundle. Compositions will often reference Lists as the focus of particular sections.
- The [DomainResource](domainresource).`contained` element - allows multiple resources to be nested inside any DomainResource. This is a special type of grouping where the grouped resources lose independent existence - they no longer have their own identifiers, can't easily be queried independently, etc. Use of this grouping is a technical mechanism for managing the independence of resources and has no impact on meaning.
## Notes
### Mixing Characteristics and Members
If both `Group.characteristic` and `Group.member` are present, then the members are the individuals who were found who met the characteristic. It's possible that there might be other candidate members who meet the characteristic and aren't (yet) in the list. All members SHALL have the listed characteristics.
### Managing large Groups
For operations to assist in adding to, removing from, or filtering contents of large Groups, see [Operations for Large Resources](operations-for-large-resources).
### Groups as Families and Households
As discussed in the introduction, when a Group has a code of 'family' or 'household' it is permitted to take on responsibility - it can be a performer, author, witness, etc.
For example, it is possible for a Group with a code of 'family' to be a performer of an Observation or owner of a Task. However, this is not permitted for a Group made up of Practitioners, PractitionerRoles or Organizations. Groups with a code other than 'family' or 'household' SHALL NOT be targets of references for elements that take on responsibility, though they might still be targets of other element types (subject, focus, target, etc.) If a collective that is not a family or household needs to take collective action, use Organization or CareTeam would need to be used instead. A Group of Practitioners could, however, be a subject of an Observation.
### Membership
Membership testing is used to test for **active** members of a Group. At a minimum, servers supporting membership testing on Group resources SHALL be able to correctly identify active enumerated entities. Active enumerated entities in a group are entities:
- listed in `Group.member.entity`,
- that do not have `Group.member.inactive` with a value of `true`, and
- do not have an expired `Group.member.period` (e.g., either the element is not present or has a period covering 'now').
Membership testing MAY also be applied to characteristic-defined Groups. If supported, membership testing is based on the characteristic testing of the Group. Any entity meeting the required characteristics is considered to be `active`.
Servers SHOULD declare whether they support only the enumerated or characteristic group filters, via CapabilityStatement.rest.resource.documentation in markdown. Servers MAY impose additional membership constraints (e.g. based on modifier extensions).
### Relationships inside the group
Some systems may track detailed family relationship codes (e.g. child, mother, grandfather) within a group rather than merely saying "family member". There are a few options to support conveying such information:
- Instances of the PersonalRelationship resource can be used to indicate relationships between group members. Such relationships can be leveraged independent of the participants' involvement of the group
- More detailed family relationship codes (e.g. from the \[Personal Relationship RoleType Valueset\](https://terminology.hl7.org/6.0.2/ValueSet-v3-PersonalRelationshipRoleType.html)) MAY be sent as additional Codings in the `Group.member.involvement` element. These SHOULD also be accompanied by the 'family-member' code to support systems that might not understand more detailed codes. If this is done, then the relationship codes are interpreted as being with respect to whichever group member is designated as "head of household"/"primary contact". If there is no such group member explicitly designated, then the nature of the more detailed personal relationship codes cannot reliably be interpreted.
## StructureDefinition
### Elements (Simplified)
- **[Group](/group-definitions#Group)** [0..*]: - Group of multiple entities
- **[Group.url](/group-definitions#Group.url)** [0..1]: [uri](/uri) Canonical identifier for this Group, represented as an absolute URI (globally unique)
- **[Group.identifier](/group-definitions#Group.identifier)** [0..*]: [Identifier](/Identifier) Business Identifier for this Group
- **[Group.version](/group-definitions#Group.version)** [0..1]: [string](/string) Business version of the Group
- **[Group.versionAlgorithm[x]](/group-definitions#Group.versionAlgorithm%5Bx%5D)** [0..1]: [string](/string), [Coding](/Coding) extensible:[version-algorithm](/valueset-version-algorithm) How to compare versions
- **[Group.name](/group-definitions#Group.name)** [0..1]: [string](/string) Label for Group
- **[Group.title](/group-definitions#Group.title)** [0..1]: [string](/string) Name for this Group (human friendly)
- **[Group.status](/group-definitions#Group.status)** [0..1]: [code](/code) required:[publication-status](/valueset-publication-status) draft | active | retired | unknown
- **[Group.experimental](/group-definitions#Group.experimental)** [0..1]: [boolean](/boolean) For testing only - never for real usage
- **[Group.date](/group-definitions#Group.date)** [0..1]: [dateTime](/dateTime) Date last changed
- **[Group.publisher](/group-definitions#Group.publisher)** [0..1]: [string](/string) Name of the publisher/steward (organization or individual)
- **[Group.contact](/group-definitions#Group.contact)** [0..*]: [ContactDetail](/ContactDetail) Contact details for the publisher
- **[Group.description](/group-definitions#Group.description)** [0..1]: [markdown](/markdown) Natural language description of the group
- **[Group.useContext](/group-definitions#Group.useContext)** [0..*]: [UsageContext](/UsageContext) The context that the content is intended to support
- **[Group.purpose](/group-definitions#Group.purpose)** [0..1]: [markdown](/markdown) Why this Group is defined
- **[Group.copyright](/group-definitions#Group.copyright)** [0..1]: [markdown](/markdown) Notice about intellectual property ownership, can include restrictions on use
- **[Group.copyrightLabel](/group-definitions#Group.copyrightLabel)** [0..1]: [string](/string) Copyright holder and year(s)
- **[Group.type](/group-definitions#Group.type)** [0..1]: [code](/code) required:[group-type](/valueset-group-type) person | animal | practitioner | device | careteam | healthcareservice | location | organization | relatedperson | specimen | medication | medicinalproductdefinition | substance | substancedefinition | biologicallyDerivedProduct | nutritionProduct
- **[Group.membership](/group-definitions#Group.membership)** [1..1]: [code](/code) required:[group-membership-basis](/valueset-group-membership-basis) definitional | conceptual | enumerated
- **[Group.code](/group-definitions#Group.code)** [0..1]: [CodeableConcept](/CodeableConcept) extensible:[group-code](/valueset-group-code) Use of the Group (and by implication, kind of members)
- **[Group.quantity](/group-definitions#Group.quantity)** [0..1]: [unsignedInt](/unsignedInt) Number of members
- **[Group.managingEntity](/group-definitions#Group.managingEntity)** [0..1]: [Reference(Organization](/Reference(Organization), [RelatedPerson](/RelatedPerson), [Practitioner](/Practitioner), [PractitionerRole)](/PractitionerRole)) Entity that is the custodian of the Group's definition
- **[Group.combinationMethod](/group-definitions#Group.combinationMethod)** [0..1]: [code](/code) required:[group-characteristic-combination](/valueset-group-characteristic-combination) all-of | any-of | at-least | at-most | except-subset
- **[Group.combinationThreshold](/group-definitions#Group.combinationThreshold)** [0..1]: [positiveInt](/positiveInt) Provides the value of "n" when "at-least" or "at-most" codes are used
- **[Group.characteristic](/group-definitions#Group.characteristic)** [0..*]: [BackboneElement](/BackboneElement) Include / Exclude group members by Trait
- **[Group.characteristic.code](/group-definitions#Group.characteristic.code)** [1..1]: [CodeableConcept](/CodeableConcept) example:[example-characteristic-codes](/valueset-example-characteristic-codes) Kind of characteristic
- **[Group.characteristic.value[x]](/group-definitions#Group.characteristic.value%5Bx%5D)** [1..1]: [CodeableConcept](/CodeableConcept), [boolean](/boolean), [Quantity](/Quantity), [Range](/Range), [Reference](/Reference), [uri](/uri), [Expression](/Expression) Value held by characteristic
- **[Group.characteristic.exclude](/group-definitions#Group.characteristic.exclude)** [1..1]: [boolean](/boolean) Group includes or excludes
- **[Group.characteristic.description](/group-definitions#Group.characteristic.description)** [0..1]: [markdown](/markdown) Natural language description of the characteristic
- **[Group.characteristic.method](/group-definitions#Group.characteristic.method)** [0..*]: [CodeableConcept](/CodeableConcept) example:[definition-method](/valueset-definition-method) Method for how the characteristic value was determined
- **[Group.characteristic.formula](/group-definitions#Group.characteristic.formula)** [0..1]: [Expression](/Expression) Formal algorithm to derive the value
- **[Group.characteristic.determiner](/group-definitions#Group.characteristic.determiner)** [0..1]: [Reference(Practitioner](/Reference(Practitioner), [PractitionerRole](/PractitionerRole), [Organization](/Organization), [Device](/Device), [DeviceDefinition)](/DeviceDefinition)) Who determines the value
- **[Group.characteristic.offset](/group-definitions#Group.characteristic.offset)** [0..1]: [CodeableConcept](/CodeableConcept) example:[characteristic-offset](/valueset-characteristic-offset) Reference point for comparison
- **[Group.characteristic.instances[x]](/group-definitions#Group.characteristic.instances%5Bx%5D)** [0..1]: [unsignedInt](/unsignedInt), [Range](/Range) Number of occurrences meeting the characteristic
- **[Group.characteristic.duration[x]](/group-definitions#Group.characteristic.duration%5Bx%5D)** [0..1]: [Duration](/Duration), [Range](/Range) Length of time in which the characteristic is met
- **[Group.characteristic.period](/group-definitions#Group.characteristic.period)** [0..1]: [Period](/Period) Period over which characteristic is tested
- **[Group.characteristic.timing](/group-definitions#Group.characteristic.timing)** [0..*]: [RelativeTime](/RelativeTime) Timing in which the characteristic is determined
- **[Group.member](/group-definitions#Group.member)** [0..*]: [BackboneElement](/BackboneElement) Who or what is in group
- **[Group.member.entity](/group-definitions#Group.member.entity)** [1..1]: [Reference(CareTeam](/Reference(CareTeam), [Device](/Device), [Group](/Group), [HealthcareService](/HealthcareService), [Location](/Location), [Organization](/Organization), [Patient](/Patient), [Practitioner](/Practitioner), [PractitionerRole](/PractitionerRole), [RelatedPerson](/RelatedPerson), [Specimen](/Specimen), [Medication](/Medication), [MedicinalProductDefinition](/MedicinalProductDefinition), [Substance](/Substance), [SubstanceDefinition](/SubstanceDefinition), [BiologicallyDerivedProduct](/BiologicallyDerivedProduct), [NutritionProduct)](/NutritionProduct)) Reference to the group member
- **[Group.member.involvement](/group-definitions#Group.member.involvement)** [0..*]: [CodeableConcept](/CodeableConcept) example:[group-involvement-set](/valueset-group-involvement-set) Code that describes how user is part of the group
- **[Group.member.period](/group-definitions#Group.member.period)** [0..1]: [Period](/Period) Period member belonged to the group
- **[Group.member.inactive](/group-definitions#Group.member.inactive)** [0..1]: [boolean](/boolean) If member is no longer in group
## Mappings
- [Group Mappings](/group-mappings) — 29 mapping entries
## Implementation Guide
### implementationguide-Group-core.xml
```xml
```
## Operations
- [everything](/group-operation-everything) — Fetch a group of Patient Records — This operation is used to return all the information related to one or more patients that are part of the group on which this operation is invoked.
- [purge](/group-operation-purge) — Purge Group Record — This operation is used to request the removal of all current and historical versions for all resources in a Group of patient compartments.
[Full Operations](/group-operations)
## Resource Packs
### list-Group-packs.xml
```xml
-
```
## Search Parameters
- [membership](/group-search#membership) — **token** — Definitional or enumerated group — `Group.membership`
- [characteristic](/group-search#characteristic) — **token** — Kind of characteristic — `Group.characteristic.code`
- [characteristic-value](/group-search#characteristic-value) — **composite** — A composite of both characteristic and value — `Group.characteristic`
- [characteristic-quantity](/group-search#characteristic-quantity) — **composite** — A composite of both characteristic and quantity values — `Group.characteristic`
- [characteristic-reference](/group-search#characteristic-reference) — **composite** — A composite of both characteristic and reference values — `Group.characteristic`
- [code](/group-search#code) — **token** — The kind of resources contained — `Group.code`
- [exclude](/group-search#exclude) — **token** — Group includes or excludes — `Group.characteristic.exclude`
- [identifier](/group-search#identifier) — **token** — Unique id — `Group.identifier`
- [managing-entity](/group-search#managing-entity) — **reference** — Entity that is the custodian of the Group's definition — `Group.managingEntity`
- [member](/group-search#member) — **reference** — Reference to the group member — `Group.member.entity`
- [type](/group-search#type) — **token** — The type of resources the group contains — `Group.type`
- [value](/group-search#value) — **token** — Value held by characteristic — `(Group.characteristic.value.ofType(CodeableConcept)) | (Group.characteristic.value.ofType(boolean))`
- [quantity](/group-search#quantity) — **quantity** — Quantity Value held by characteristic — `(Group.characteristic.value.ofType(Quantity)) | (Group.characteristic.value.ofType(Range))`
- [name](/group-search#name) — **string** — A portion of the Group's name — `Group.name`
- [url](/group-search#url) — **uri** — The uri that identifies the Group — `Group.url`
- [status](/group-search#status) — **token** — The current status of the Group — `Group.status`
- [experimental](/group-search#experimental) — **token** — Whether the Group is experimental — `Group.experimental`
[Full Search Parameters](/group-search)
## Examples
- [101](/group-example-101) — group-example — General Group Example, Characteristic Based
- [102](/group-example-102) — group-example-member — General Group Example, Member Based
- [example-conceptualcohortdefinition-cancer-except-subset](/group-example-example-conceptualcohortdefinition-cancer-except-subset) — group-example-conceptualcohortdefinition-cancer-except-subset — ConceptualCohortDefinition: Cancer of any kind (except basal cell skin cancer or cancer in situ) unless documented to be disease-free for five years
- [example-eligibility-criteria-ada-rec-bariatric](/group-example-example-eligibility-criteria-ada-rec-bariatric) — group-example-eligibility-criteria-ada-rec-bariatric — Inclusion Criteria: [[1]] Adults. [[2]] Diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. [[3]] Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 40.0 kg/m2 (BMI ≥ 37.5 kg/m2 in Asian Americans), or BMI ≥ 35.0 kg/m2 and ≤ 39.9 kg/m2 (BMI 32.5-37.4 kg/m2 in Asian Americans) who do not achieve durable weight loss and improvement in comorbidities (including hyperglycemia) with nonsurgical methods. [[4]] Screened surgical candidates.
- [example-outcomedefinition-hba1c-at-12-months](/group-example-example-outcomedefinition-hba1c-at-12-months) — group-example-outcomedefinition-hba1c-at-12-months — OutcomeDefinition: HbA1c at 12 months
- [example-patientlist](/group-example-example-patientlist) — group-example-patientlist — Patients primarily attributed to Practitioner 123
- [example-Stroke-Thrombolysis-Trialists-2014-2016-IPD-MA-Cohort](/group-example-example-Stroke-Thrombolysis-Trialists-2014-2016-IPD-MA-Cohort) — group-example-Stroke-Thrombolysis-Trialists-2014-2016-IPD-MA-Cohort — Stroke Thrombolysis Trialists’ Collaborators Group collection used for individual patient data meta-analysis
- [Family](/group-example-Family) — group-example-family — Example of a Family
- [group-example](/group-example-group-example) — group-example
- [group-example-conceptualcohortdefinition-cancer-except-subset](/group-example-group-example-conceptualcohortdefinition-cancer-except-subset) — group-example-conceptualcohortdefinition-cancer-except-subset
- [group-example-eligibility-criteria-ada-rec-bariatric](/group-example-group-example-eligibility-criteria-ada-rec-bariatric) — group-example-eligibility-criteria-ada-rec-bariatric
- [group-example-family](/group-example-group-example-family) — group-example-family
- [group-example-herd1](/group-example-group-example-herd1) — group-example-herd1
- [group-example-household](/group-example-group-example-household) — group-example-household
- [group-example-member](/group-example-group-example-member) — group-example-member
- [group-example-outcomedefinition-hba1c-at-12-months](/group-example-group-example-outcomedefinition-hba1c-at-12-months) — group-example-outcomedefinition-hba1c-at-12-months
- [group-example-patientlist](/group-example-group-example-patientlist) — group-example-patientlist
- [group-example-Stroke-Thrombolysis-Trialists-2014-2016-IPD-MA-Cohort](/group-example-group-example-Stroke-Thrombolysis-Trialists-2014-2016-IPD-MA-Cohort) — group-example-Stroke-Thrombolysis-Trialists-2014-2016-IPD-MA-Cohort
- [group-examples-header](/group-example-group-examples-header) — group-examples-header
- [herd1](/group-example-herd1) — group-example-herd1 — Herd of 2500 breeding sows
- [Household](/group-example-Household) — group-example-household — Example of a Household
[Full Examples](/group-examples)
## Mapping Exceptions
### group-fivews-mapping-exceptions.xml
### Unmapped Elements
- **FiveWs.author** — Not relevant for this resource
- **FiveWs.actor** — Not relevant for this resource
- **FiveWs.cause** — Not relevant for this resource
- **FiveWs.where** — Not relevant for this resource
- **FiveWs.context** — Not relevant for this resource
- **FiveWs.init** — Not relevant for this resource
- **FiveWs.source** — Not relevant for this resource
- **FiveWs.who** — Not relevant for this resource
- **FiveWs.grade** — Not relevant for this resource
- **FiveWs.planned** — Not relevant for this resource
- **FiveWs.done** — Not relevant for this resource
### group-participant-mapping-exceptions.xml
### Divergent Elements
- **Participant.identifier** → **Group.identifier**
- shortUnmatched | reason=Unknown | pattern=Business Identifier for group | resource=Business Identifier for this Group
- definitionUnmatched | reason=Unknown | pattern=Business identifiers assigned to this group by one of the applications involved. These identifiers remain constant as the resource is updated and propagates from server to server. | resource=Business identifiers assigned to this participant by one of the applications involved. These identifiers remain constant as the resource is updated and propagates from server to server.
- commentsUnmatched | reason=Removed information not relevant to this resource | pattern=Note: This is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see [discussion](resource.html#identifiers)). It is best practice for the identifier to only appear on a single resource instance, however business practices may occasionally dictate that multiple resource instances with the same identifier can exist - possibly even with different resource types. For example, multiple Patient and a Person resource instance might share the same social insurance number. | resource=Note: This is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see [discussion](resource.html#identifiers)). It is best practice for the identifier to only appear on a single resource instance, however business practices may occasionally dictate that multiple resource instances with the same identifier can exist - possibly even with different resource types.
- **Participant.name** → **Group.name**
- shortUnmatched | reason=Unknown | pattern=A name for the group | resource=Label for Group
- definitionUnmatched | reason=Unknown | pattern=Description of the group as presented to a consumer while searching. | resource=A label assigned to the group for human identification and communication.
### Unmapped Elements
- **Participant.active** — Unknown